In this Lab, we are going to learn to use the nova compute CLI in order to launch an instance instead of from the web Dashboard.
We are first going to connect to our instance in the Dashboard in order to learn how to download from any OpenStack environment what is called the OpenStack RC file.
An OpenStack RC file is used to set environment variables in our Linux terminal session in order to set project-specific credentials for the OpenStack CLI services such as Compute, Image, and Identity services.
1. Login to Openstack Dashboard as "demo" and "openstack" credentials:
5. Source the new created file:
6. Create new SSH-key to insert it into the new created instance:
8. Add new rule to the "default" security group where "104.130.30.116/24" is the public network:
First of all, determine the public network by login as admin:
9. Boot the new instance:
10. Login to "instance2" VM:
11. Delete 'instance2' VM:
We are first going to connect to our instance in the Dashboard in order to learn how to download from any OpenStack environment what is called the OpenStack RC file.
An OpenStack RC file is used to set environment variables in our Linux terminal session in order to set project-specific credentials for the OpenStack CLI services such as Compute, Image, and Identity services.
1. Login to Openstack Dashboard as "demo" and "openstack" credentials:
2. Switch from "invisable_to_admin" project to "demo" one:
3. Download OpenStack RC file:
4. Copy"demo-openrc.sh" contents as the following:
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# hostname openstack02022016-090302
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# cat /etc/os-release NAME="Ubuntu" VERSION="14.04.2 LTS, Trusty Tahr" ID=ubuntu ID_LIKE=debian PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS" VERSION_ID="14.04" HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/" SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/" BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# pwd /root
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# vim demo-openrc.sh
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# cat /root/demo-openrc.sh #!/bin/bash # To use an OpenStack cloud you need to authenticate against the Identity # service named keystone, which returns a **Token** and **Service Catalog**. # The catalog contains the endpoints for all services the user/tenant has # access to - such as Compute, Image Service, Identity, Object Storage, Block # Storage, and Networking (code-named nova, glance, keystone, swift, # cinder, and neutron). # # *NOTE*: Using the 2.0 *Identity API* does not necessarily mean any other # OpenStack API is version 2.0. For example, your cloud provider may implement # Image API v1.1, Block Storage API v2, and Compute API v2.0. OS_AUTH_URL is # only for the Identity API served through keystone. export OS_AUTH_URL=http://104.130.30.116:5000/v2.0 # With the addition of Keystone we have standardized on the term **tenant** # as the entity that owns the resources. export OS_TENANT_ID=a67c3ddf7efc44e099a49b487548ccde export OS_TENANT_NAME="demo" export OS_PROJECT_NAME="demo" # In addition to the owning entity (tenant), OpenStack stores the entity # performing the action as the **user**. export OS_USERNAME="demo" # With Keystone you pass the keystone password. echo "Please enter your OpenStack Password: " read -sr OS_PASSWORD_INPUT export OS_PASSWORD=$OS_PASSWORD_INPUT # If your configuration has multiple regions, we set that information here. # OS_REGION_NAME is optional and only valid in certain environments. export OS_REGION_NAME="RegionOne" # Don't leave a blank variable, unset it if it was empty if [ -z "$OS_REGION_NAME" ]; then unset OS_REGION_NAME; fi
5. Source the new created file:
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# source /root/demo-openrc.sh Please enter your OpenStack Password:
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# echo $? 0
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# export | grep OS declare -x LESSCLOSE="/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s" declare -x OS_AUTH_URL="http://104.130.30.116:5000/v2.0" declare -x OS_PASSWORD="openstack" declare -x OS_PROJECT_NAME="demo" declare -x OS_REGION_NAME="RegionOne" declare -x OS_TENANT_ID="a67c3ddf7efc44e099a49b487548ccde" declare -x OS_TENANT_NAME="demo" declare -x OS_USERNAME="demo"
6. Create new SSH-key to insert it into the new created instance:
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# ssh-keygen -f ssh-key Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in ssh-key. Your public key has been saved in ssh-key.pub. The key fingerprint is: b8:f8:0a:5f:ce:12:4f:a8:ca:a0:8d:ef:fc:fc:fa:17 root@openstack02022016-090302 The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | | | . | | .. S | | o...E | |. ...+o . | |++.+.=. . | |+==.***. | +-----------------+
# ls -lh /root/ total 12K -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.6K Feb 2 14:03 demo-openrc.sh -rw------- 1 root root 1.7K Feb 2 14:16 ssh-key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 411 Feb 2 14:16 ssh-key.pub
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help | grep key
[--os-key ] [--timeout ] [--os-auth-url OS_AUTH_URL]
flavor-key Set or unset extra_spec for a flavor.
keypair-add Create a new key pair for use with servers.
keypair-delete Delete keypair given by its name.
keypair-list Print a list of keypairs for a user
keypair-show Show details about the given keypair.
--os-key Defaults to env[OS_KEY].
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova keypair-list +------+------+-------------+ | Name | Type | Fingerprint | +------+------+-------------+ +------+------+-------------+
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help keypair-add usage: nova keypair-add [--pub-key] [--key-type ] Create a new key pair for use with servers. Positional arguments: Name of key. Optional arguments: --pub-key Path to a public ssh key. --key-type Keypair type. Can be ssh or x509. (Supported by API versions '2.2' - '2.latest')
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova keypair-add novakey --pub-key /root/ssh-key.pub
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova keypair-list +---------+------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Name | Type | Fingerprint | +---------+------+-------------------------------------------------+ | novakey | ssh | b8:f8:0a:5f:ce:12:4f:a8:ca:a0:8d:ef:fc:fc:fa:17 | +---------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
8. Add new rule to the "default" security group where "104.130.30.116/24" is the public network:
First of all, determine the public network by login as admin:
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help | grep security
scrub Delete networks and security groups associated
added to the 'default' security group for new
secgroup-add-group-rule Add a source group rule to a security group.
secgroup-add-rule Add a rule to a security group.
secgroup-create Create a security group.
secgroup-delete Delete a security group.
be added to the 'default' security group for
secgroup-delete-group-rule Delete a source group rule from a security
secgroup-delete-rule Delete a rule from a security group.
secgroup-list List security groups for the current tenant.
security group for new tenants.
secgroup-list-rules List rules for a security group.
secgroup-update Update a security group.
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova secgroup-list +--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+ | Id | Name | Description | +--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+ | ae233df5-fd24-412f-9985-f7a7d9290a92 | default | Default security group | +--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help secgroup-add-rule usage: nova secgroup-add-ruleAdd a rule to a security group. Positional arguments: ID or name of security group. IP protocol (icmp, tcp, udp). Port at start of range. Port at end of range. CIDR for address range.
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 22 22 172.24.4.0/24 +-------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------------+ | IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group | +-------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------------+ | tcp | 22 | 22 | 172.24.4.0/24 | | +-------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------------+
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova secgroup-list-rules default +-------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------------+ | IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group | +-------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------------+ | | | | | default | | tcp | 22 | 22 | 172.24.4.0/24 | | | | | | | default | +-------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------------+
9. Boot the new instance:
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help | grep boot
boot Boot a new server.
image-list Print a list of available images to boot from.
reboot Reboot a server.
rebuild Shutdown, re-image, and re-boot a server.
rescue Reboots a server into rescue mode, which
current boot disk as secondary.
unrescue Restart the server from normal boot disk
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help boot usage: nova boot [--flavor] [--image ] [--image-with
] [--boot-volume ] [--snapshot ] [--min-count ] [--max-count ] [--meta ] [--file ] [--key-name ] [--user-data ] [--availability-zone ] [--security-groups ] [--block-device-mapping ] [--block-device key1=value1[,key2=value2...]] [--swap ] [--ephemeral size= [,format= ]] [--hint ] [--nic ] [--config-drive ] [--poll] [--admin-pass ] Boot a new server. Positional arguments: Name for the new server.
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help | grep flavor
flavor-access-add Add flavor access for the given tenant.
flavor-access-list Print access information about the given
flavor.
flavor-access-remove Remove flavor access for the given tenant.
flavor-create Create a new flavor.
flavor-delete Delete a specific flavor
flavor-key Set or unset extra_spec for a flavor.
flavor-list Print a list of available 'flavors' (sizes of
flavor-show Show details about the given flavor.
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova flavor-list +----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | | 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True | | 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True | | 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True | | 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True | +----+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help | grep image
image-create Create a new image by taking a snapshot of a
image-delete Delete specified image(s).
image-list Print a list of available images to boot from.
image-meta Set or Delete metadata on an image.
image-show Show details about the given image.
rebuild Shutdown, re-image, and re-boot a server.
image or a specified image, attaching the
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova image-list +--------------------------------------+---------------------------------+--------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | Server | +--------------------------------------+---------------------------------+--------+--------+ | dfa3a913-e229-4530-a15a-d77aa0cabad3 | cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-uec | ACTIVE | | | b2567272-4a9f-499f-8893-ade063228a9c | cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-uec-kernel | ACTIVE | | | b3ed9ad3-a881-46e4-b9e8-7bec1bd7b1f4 | cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-uec-ramdisk | ACTIVE | | +--------------------------------------+---------------------------------+--------+--------+
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova boot instance2 --flavor m1.tiny --image cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-uec --key-name novakey
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| adminPass | ab62JNARTYyP |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2016-02-02T14:40:34Z |
| flavor | m1.tiny (1) |
| hostId | |
| id | ba28eac7-733b-4c7b-a236-7be7cff76321 |
| image | cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-uec (dfa3a913-e229-4530-a15a-d77aa0cabad3) |
| key_name | novakey |
| metadata | {} |
| name | instance2 |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | BUILD |
| tenant_id | a67c3ddf7efc44e099a49b487548ccde |
| updated | 2016-02-02T14:40:34Z |
| user_id | 29b94926b3974d92a754e108e775f0be |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova list +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks | +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+ | ba28eac7-733b-4c7b-a236-7be7cff76321 | instance2 | BUILD | spawning | NOSTATE | | +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova list +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks | +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ | ba28eac7-733b-4c7b-a236-7be7cff76321 | instance2 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private=fd01:6936:fefc:0:f816:3eff:fe9e:422a, 10.0.0.6 | +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
10. Login to "instance2" VM:
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# ssh -i ssh-key cirros@10.0.0.6
$ hostname instance2
$ exit Connection to 10.0.0.6 closed.
11. Delete 'instance2' VM:
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help | grep delete
agent-delete Delete existing agent build.
aggregate-delete Delete the aggregate.
delete Immediately shut down and delete specified
dns-delete Delete the specified DNS entry.
dns-delete-domain Delete the specified DNS domain.
flavor-delete Delete a specific flavor
floating-ip-bulk-delete Bulk delete floating IPs by range (nova-
floating-ip-delete De-allocate a floating IP.
image-delete Delete specified image(s).
keypair-delete Delete keypair given by its name.
network-delete Delete network by label or id.
quota-delete Delete quota for a tenant/user so their quota
secgroup-delete Delete a security group.
secgroup-delete-default-rule
secgroup-delete-group-rule Delete a source group rule from a security
secgroup-delete-rule Delete a rule from a security group.
server-group-delete Delete specific server group(s).
service-delete Delete the service.
volume-delete DEPRECATED: Remove volume(s).
volume-snapshot-delete DEPRECATED: Remove a snapshot.
volume-type-delete DEPRECATED: Delete a specific volume type.
net-delete DEPRECATED, use tenant-network-delete instead.
tenant-network-delete Delete a tenant network.
baremetal-node-delete Remove a baremetal node and any associated
force-delete Force delete a server.
restore Restore a soft-deleted server.
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova help delete usage: nova delete [--all-tenants][ ...] Immediately shut down and delete specified server(s). Positional arguments: Name or ID of server(s). Optional arguments: --all-tenants Delete server(s) in another tenant by name (Admin only).
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova list +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks | +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+ | db2cc0a6-ed2c-4ee0-b0bf-38c41ed08aa3 | instance2 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private=fd01:6936:fefc:0:f816:3eff:fe13:d6bd, 10.0.0.6 | +--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------+
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova delete instance2 Request to delete server instance2 has been accepted
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# echo $? 0
root@openstack02022016-090302:~# nova list +----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+ | ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks | +----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+ +----+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
